Category World News

Far-right candidate Jose Antonio Kast of the Republican Party – who claims to be inspired by US President Donald Trump – has won Chile’s presidential run-off election, marking a major shift in the Latin American nation’s political landscape.

Kast, who campaigned on a promise to expel undocumented migrants and crack down on crime, secured 58 percent of the votes against left-wing candidate Jeannette Jara, who won 42 percent, in one of the most polarised elections in recent memory. In the first round, Kast finished second to Jara. But he went on to dominate the December run-off with strong support from across the right wing.

“Chile needs order – order in the streets, in the state, in the priorities that have been lost,” the 59-year-old conservative hardliner, who will take office on March 11, 2026, told supporters in his victory speech.

His victory is widely seen outside Chile as part of a broader shift to right-wing politics in Latin America, with conservative leaders winning elections in Ecuador and Bolivia in recent months.

Who is Jose Antonio Kast?

Kast has run for president multiple times. He lost to incumbent President Gabriel Boric in 2021 elections, receiving 44 percent of the vote. In the 2017 elections, he contested as an independent candidate, winning some eight percent of the votes.

After serving for more than 10 years as a congressman from the centre-right Independent Democratic Union (UDI), he stepped down in 2016.  Then, in 2019, the 59-year-old leader founded the Republican Party, a more hard-line political entity, appealing to voters disillusioned with mounting insecurity and economic stagnation.

He trained as a lawyer but later entered politics, becoming a councilman for the city of Buin in 1996.

Kast was born in 1966 in Santiago, the capital city, to German immigrants with links to Nazis.

His father was a member of the Nazi Party in Bavaria before emigrating to Chile after World War II. However, the president-elect has claimed his father was a forced Nazi conscript.

Kast’s older brother Miguel was a central bank president and a government minister in the early 1980s during the rule of General Augusto Pinochet. Under his 17-year dictatorship, thousands of people were killed, forcibly disappeared and tortured.

The president-elect is an admirer of Pinochet.

Kast is married to Maria Pia Adriasola, a lawyer, with whom he has nine children.

What does he stand for?

A staunch Catholic, Kast opposes abortion and same-sex marriage. He has stated in the past that he would revoke the country’s limited abortion rights and prohibit the sale of the morning-after pill.

Consuelo Thiers, a lecturer at the University of Edinburgh in the United Kingdom, said Kast will be the most right-wing president since Pinochet.

“Kast is the first president since the end of the dictatorship to have openly supported Pinochet,” she told Al Jazeera.

“[Former President Sebastian] Pinera, the last right-wing president, voted against Pinochet in the 1988 referendum and also embraced some progressive policies, such as the legalisation of same-sex marriage,” she added.

By contrast, Kast supports extremely conservative positions, Thiers said, adding that he was also in favour of granting freedom to individuals convicted of human rights violations committed during Pinochet’s rule.

Jenny Pribble, professor of political science and global studies at the University of Richmond, said Kast has frequently pointed to El Salvador as a model for his tougher laws on crime policies.

“He regularly voiced support for Salvadoran President Nayib Bukele’s ‘mano dura’ [Iron-fist] crackdown on gang violence, arguing that Chile needs ‘more Bukele’,” Pribble told Al Jazeera.

“It remains to be seen if Kast could or would pursue such an approach, but if Chile follows the Salvadoran model, it would constitute significant democratic backsliding.”

What are his key policies?

Kast campaigned on public safety, promising to take an iron-fisted approach to crime in Chile – despite the country being one of the safer nations in Latin America.

He has pledged to send the military to high-crime areas, and has promised to build more prisons. An IPSOS poll of Chilean voters in October showed 63 percent of respondents said security was a top issue for them.

The president-elect also takes a tough approach to migration. He has proposed building a police force inspired by the United States’ agency, Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), which has carried out a number of “military-style” raids on migrant communities and workplaces in the US this year in search of undocumented people, many of whom have been detained for deportation.

ICE is responsible for managing the US federal immigration system and has come under increased criticism for its conduct towards immigrants across the country, including those residing there legally.

Similar to US President Donald Trump, Kast has proposed building infrastructure around the country’s northern border to stop people from coming in, and has vowed to deport hundreds of thousands of undocumented migrants.

Analyst Patricio Navia said tackling the issue of undocumented migrants will be his “biggest challenge”.

“According to estimations, there might be up to 400,000 undocumented immigrants,” Navia, a professor at New York University, told Al Jazeera.

“It will be impossible to expel all of them from the country,” he added, but noted that in recent weeks, Kast has “walked back some of his harsher statements”.

“I think he will try to find a balance between his harsh campaign promises and the reality that many of those immigrants contribute to the national economy and are now an integral part of Chilean society,” Navia added.

Kast has also threatened to impose a state of siege in the Araucania region of Chile in order to expel armed Indigenous groups. The measure he is proposing would give the military sweeping powers, including warrantless searches and arrests, and would suspend key civil rights.

How have other countries responded to Kast’s win?

Right-wing allies in the region are celebrating Kast’s victory as part of a broader conservative resurgence across Latin America.

Argentina’s libertarian President Javier Milei was among the first to congratulate him. “Enormous joy at the overwhelming victory of my friend José Antonio Kast,” he posted on X.

Ecuador’s right-wing President Daniel Noboa, meanwhile, said that “a new era is beginning for Chile and for the region”.

Congratulations to Chilean President-Elect @JoseAntonioKast on his victory. The United States looks forward to partnering with his administration to strengthen regional security and revitalize our trade relationship.

US Secretary of State Marco Rubio said his country “looks forward to partnering with his administration to strengthen regional security and revitalise our trade relationship”.

The Foreign Ministry of Spain’s leftist government said it will look to “continue strengthening the friendship between our peoples and the strategic relationship between our two countries”.

What does Kast’s win mean for regional politics?

Chile’s election result is part of a wider regional shift towards conservative and, in some cases, far-right leadership, according to Edinburgh University’s Thiers.

“These leaders have largely come to power on similar promises, particularly the pledge to repair economies in severe distress, as in Argentina, and to improve security in a region where organised crime is rapidly expanding,” she said.

“Many people see in these candidates the promise of a drastic change that could significantly improve their lives,” Thiers added, noting it also reflects a global trend in which incumbents find it “increasingly difficult” to win re-election, “as voters punish them by choosing opposition figures who promise something radically different”.

Meanwhile, academic Navia described recent right-wing victories as “just alternation in power”.

“I would not suggest that the countries are becoming more conservative or illiberal,” he said.

Many tourists in Paris were disappointed Monday morning when the Louvre was closed after workers walked off the job during one of the busiest times of the year. The union is demanding better working conditions and urgent renovations at the museum.

Damascus, Syria – Fouad Naal spent 21 years in prison under the regime of Bashar al-Assad.

He remained in the notorious Sednaya and Adra prisons until December 8, 2024, which was not only his liberation but also the liberation of Syria from al-Assad’s rule, he told Al Jazeera a day before the anniversary.

Tall and slim with a long salt and pepper beard, Naal, 52, speaks with enthusiasm and moves fluidly despite his years in confinement.

He was a practising imam before his arrest and holds his faith closely, he explains in the salon of his modest apartment in Damascus’s Muhajreen neighbourhood, a 10-minute walk from al-Assad’s former residence.

‘Tomorrow, I will get out’

On December 8, Syria celebrated the first anniversary of al-Assad fleeing Damascus for Moscow. His flight meant the end of five decades of al-Assad family rule, known for its brutality and ruthlessness.

Hundreds of thousands of people have disappeared in the al-Assad prison network. Even more experienced the brutal conditions and were left with physical or mental ailments, traumas or severe health conditions.

Naal said he was summoned by the regime “hundreds of times” before his arrest and imprisonment in 2004 for issuing a fatwa, a religious opinion, saying Syrians shouldn’t go fight the United States invasion in Iraq.

He and many others believed the Syrian state was encouraging Syrians to go to Iraq to fight against the US military, which had invaded the country in 2003.

Many Muslims Naal knew decided to go, but never made it to Iraq. The buses that had been provided to take them across the border into Iraq were bombed before leaving Syrian territory, he said.

Naal suspected the Syrian state was behind the attack on the convoy and put out his fatwa.

He was arrested with his wife and then-four-year-old daughter and given a life sentence. He said the regime accused him of planning to assassinate al-Assad and several other senior regime figures.

The charges were fake, he said, but he admitted to them under coercion to free his daughter and wife. He was sent to Sednaya, where he was held in what in later years would become known as the “Red Prison”.

He passed the time working out, reading and studying law. In 2005, after a full year in jail, he was allowed monthly visits.

Conditions in Sednaya were difficult. He recalled a time when his eyelid was inflamed but medicine was withheld. The prisoners were also not allowed to pray in groups or read the Quran together, he said.

Still, he never gave up hope of leaving prison. “I had a bag packed, ready to go, every single day,” he said.

“I always thought: ‘Tomorrow, I will get out.’”

The revolution begins

After Naal had been in Sednaya for seven years, the Syrian uprising began.

He and his fellow prisoners had been following the revolutions in Tunisia, Egypt and Libya but didn’t believe a similar event would happen in Syria.

“It was really surprising that in Syria this is happening,” he said.

“They were really great moments of joy. I was happy with the beginning of the revolution.”

In 2012, Naal said he was transferred from Sednaya to Adra Central Prison on the northeastern outskirts of Damascus, where he and other Muslims were put into a special political wing.

It seemed as though Sednaya was being emptied to receive Syrians who were being rounded up for opposing the regime.

In Adra, the conditions were easier. Naal was placed with other alleged Islamists. They could pray. They were granted weekly visits during which they got news of the outside world.

“Within a month of the first visits, everyone in the prison had one or two phones,” he said.

Furthermore, the prison administration in Adra was afraid of Naal and the other prisoners due to rumours that had spread about them. One day, a police officer approached him to ask about them. He was named Khadr, and Naal said he later defected and joined the opposition

“He said: ‘Can I ask you a question, sheikh?’ I told him: ‘Please.’

“He actually asked me if it were true that we used to cut off the heads of officers in Sednaya and play football with them.”

‘Hey, you animals! Open the doors!’

On December 7, 2024, Naal said he and his fellow inmates knew anti-Assad forces were heading their way. The excitement was palpable, and some prisoners suggested trying to break out.

“People couldn’t bear it any more,” he said.

By now, the prisoners knew that Aleppo had been liberated and were eagerly anticipating the rebels’ arrival in Homs, Syria’s third-largest city.

Naal was awoken by the smell of coffee being made by his fellow prisoners sometime in the wee hours of December 8, 2024. The prisoners were anxious but excited.

At one point, Naal rang a bell that alerted the guards that a prisoner was in need, but no one responded. He rang again and, again, nothing.

Although swearing was forbidden in the prison, Naal began swearing at the guards to try to elicit a response.

“Hey, you animals! Open the doors!”

At one point, a prisoner who could see out a window spread the news that the prison guards had lined up and were leaving the prison.

Shouts of “God is greatest” spread around the prison. The excitement began to grow to the point that Naal said inmates began breaking the prison doors themselves.

But the trauma that some of the prisoners suffered was so high that they were begging others to keep the doors locked, fearing repercussions. Some, he said, hid under their covers.

Others felt there was no turning back and continued breaking down their cell doors.

When they broke out of their cells, the prisoners found guard uniforms scattered on the ground as they ran to the prison’s weapons depot.

“People shot in the air out of joy,” Naal said.

The prisoners moved away from the prison and found an abandoned checkpoint. “There was a pot of mate still boiling on the burning wood,” he said. “Guns were on the ground next to abandoned military uniforms.”

As they continued walking, Naal said he and his fellow prisoners encountered soldiers. Some had removed the tops of their uniforms but kept their pants. Instead of firing at them, the soldiers were telling the prisoners: “We are with you. We are with you,” Naal recalled.

Naal said the power of this moment appeared to be a gift from the divine.

“You feel that even a person who has no faith in God Almighty would feel that there is a greater power than himself.”

A similar prison for al-Assad in exile

Naal emerged from prison in much better physical condition than others who were in al-Assad’s prison system for shorter sentences.

“I exercised every day in prison,” he told Al Jazeera.

“I’m 51 years old,” he said, then corrected himself.

“I’m 52, but I still associate myself with the age I was when I left prison.”

But he has not emerged unscathed. He pointed to the closed door of the small room where he was giving the interview.

“I don’t like closed places. I don’t like it in general, but I don’t get affected by it psychologically,” he said.

“I don’t want to sleep with a closed door. I’m not upset, but I prefer to have it open,” he said.

He also said he and many of his fellow prisoners struggled to sleep after they escaped prison because they’d grown accustomed to the quiet there.

Just a couple of days before this interview, he revisited Sednaya Prison with a group of Syrians and Ukrainians. The visit was emotionally fraught for him, but he recognised its importance for finding justice for people in Syria and beyond.

“What does Bashar al-Assad feel today? He is listening to these words and sitting like a mouse hiding in a burrow in Russia. Even if this burrow is built of gold.

“We used to say that if the prison were a palace of gold, we still wouldn’t want it. We’d rather go home and live for an hour and die hungry for our freedom. Today, he is living the same way,” Naal said.

Before his imprisonment, Naal said he enjoyed doing everything at home. He used to not enjoy going to restaurants. “My mother raised me not to eat in front of people in case they couldn’t afford what I am eating,” he said.

“I’d prefer to get food and come back home to eat.”

Now, however, he enjoys leaving the house to walk around his neighbourhood. And he endures going to restaurants because he sees the value in sharing a communal experience in public, something that can’t be done in prison.

He also says it is important to remember that in Syria, “the children made a revolution.”

“The one who won the revolution was Hamza al-Khatib,” he said, speaking of the 13-year-old from Deraa who was likely brutally tortured to death by Syrian security forces for taking part in an anti-regime protest in 2011.

He also spoke of the teenagers in Deraa who graffitied a wall with the phrase “Your turn has come, oh doctor.” It referred to al-Assad, who studied ophthalmology in London.

“They were the trigger of this popular explosion, … the volcano,” Naal said

As Ukraine peace talks continue, President Volodymyr Zelenskyy is meeting European and US officials in Berlin over security guarantees. Meanwhile, the EU is split on using frozen Russian assets to fund Ukraine’s war effort. Al Jazeera’s Step Vaessen reports from Brussels.