Zelenskyy on security guarantees shuttle as fighting rages in Ukraine war

In Copenhagen, Danish and Nordic leaders are meeting with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, who is attempting to impose security guarantees on Kyiv in the event of a peace deal to put an end to Russia’s hostility there.

The Nordic-Baltic nations will talk about how to give Ukraine more support on the frontlines and in the negotiation room, according to Danish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen’s office’s statement on Wednesday.

The leaders of the Nordic-Baltic Eight (NB8), Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, and Sweden, are gathered to discuss Ukraine’s future with Zelenskyy.

Alexander Stubb, the president of Finland, stated on Tuesday that Ukraine was making progress in implementing security guarantees, but he emphasized that such measures would only be implemented once a peace agreement was reached.

We need to coordinate security arrangements with the United States, which essentially will provide the backstop for this, Stubb told reporters. We’re focusing on these issues with our defense chiefs, who are creating the precise plans for how this kind of operation might look.

He continued, “We’re making progress on this, and hopefully we’ll find a solution soon,” but he expressed concern for a potential ceasefire or peace deal with Russia in the near future.

At a press conference on July 3, 2025 in Aarhus, Denmark, Volodymyr Zelenskyy and Mette Frederiksen (Getty Images) speak.

The “coalition of the willing”

At a summit of Ukraine’s allies on Thursday, NATO Secretary-General Mark Rutte said he anticipated clarity on what security guarantees Europe can offer Kyiv once the war is over.

At a press conference with Estonian President Alar Karis in Brussels, Rutte said, “I anticipate tomorrow, or soon thereafter, to have clarity on what we can deliver collectively.” That allows us to speak with the American side about their demands for their participation in security guarantees even more intensely.

The largely virtual meeting of the leaders of the so-called “coalition of the willing,” a group of Western nations working on long-term agreements for Ukraine and NATO, will be co-hosted by British Prime Minister Keir Starmer and French President Emmanuel Macron. In Paris before the summit, Zellenskyy moves on to meet Macron tonight.

According to officials in the West, these guarantees are intended to deter Russia from starting a new war once the hostilities have ended, whether through a ceasefire or a permanent peace agreement.

They are anticipated to concentrate on an international force to reassure Ukraine as well as continuing military support for Kyiv. However, US involvement would only be possible with US support, according to European leaders.

Donald Trump, the president of the United States, promised American involvement last month, but Washington has not yet specified its contribution. Rutte hoped to reassure NATO members in eastern Europe that resources for Ukraine’s security guarantees wouldn’t go to the expense of the alliance’s own defenses.

He said, “We must always consider how the impact will be on the NATO plans, and this means we must avoid spreading our resources too thinly.”

Moscow, in contrast, opposes the idea of European troops stationed in Ukraine and insists that any upcoming resolutions must take into account “new territorial realities.”

For peace to last, Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov stated in an interview with Indonesia’s Kompas newspaper that regions that Russia annexed must be “recognized and formalized in an international legal manner” including Crimea, Donetsk, Luhansk, Zaporizhia, and Kherson.

Many analysts believe that one of President Vladimir Putin’s main demands will be for Ukraine to acknowledge its authority over the Donbass, which is still under Kyiv’s control, as Trump has suggested any eventual agreement would involve ceding some territory.

Zelenskyy has repeatedly refrained from making these concessions, warning that losing any territory would stifle Russia’s ability to launch fresh attacks in the future. It is also prohibited by the Ukrainian Constitution.

In Kherson, Russia occupies more land.

Russia’s assault is getting worse in eastern Ukraine as the diplomatic process gets worse. Its forces claim to have encircled and now seized “about half” of the strategic city of Kupiansk in the northeast of Kharkiv. The Donetsk settlement of Fedorivka was reportedly under the control of the Ministry of Defense of Russia.

Russia launched a massive overnight airstrikes against targets in nine different regions of the sky. At least four railway workers were hurt, according to Ukrainian officials, while explosions erupted close to the country’s borders.

In an attack on the Znamianka community in the Kirovohrad region, according to Ukraine’s emergency services, five people were hurt and 28 homes were damaged. After strikes destroyed residential structures and started fires in Khmelnytskyi, transportation services were faced with “significant schedule disruptions.”

According to local authorities, two people died in the Polohivskyi district in Zaporizhia as a result of Russian shelling, and two more died in separate attacks in Kherson, Kyiv, and Donetsk. At least five civilians have been killed nationwide as a result of the most recent strikes, according to the independent news outlet Kyiv Independent.

Russia claimed that in the past 24 hours, it had shot down 158 Ukrainian drones, while claiming that nearly 100 people had been injured and killed by Ukrainian attacks across its border in the past week. Governor Vyacheslav Gladkov claimed that in the Belgorod region, three people were hurt by a Proletarsky drone strike by Ukraine.

Putin is attempting to strengthen ties with North Korea and China with this diplomatic maneuver. His meeting with Kim Jong Un, who was also present at Xi Jinping’s grand military parade on Wednesday, highlighted Moscow’s growing partnership with Pyongyang.

Sudan appeals for aid after landslide kills more than 1,000 in Darfur

Sudan has appealed for international aid after a landslide destroyed an entire village in the western Darfur region, killing more than 1, 000 people in one of the deadliest natural disasters in recent history in the country beset by a brutal civil war.

The village of Tarasin was “completely levelled to the ground”, the Sudan Liberation Movement/Army (SLM/A), the rebel group that controls the area, said as it appealed to the United Nations and international aid groups for help to recover the bodies on Tuesday.

The tragedy happened on Sunday in the village, located in Central Darfur’s Marrah Mountains, after days of heavy rainfall.

“Initial information indicates the death of all village residents, estimated to be more than 1, 000 people”, the rebel group said in a statement. “Only one person survived”, it added.

The ruling Sovereign Council in Khartoum said it mourned “the death of hundreds of innocent residents” in the Marrah Mountains landslide. In a statement, it said “all possible capabilities” have been mobilised to support the area.

Luca Renda, the UN humanitarian coordinator in Sudan, said he was “deeply saddened” by the reported landslide, adding that the UN and its partners were mobilising to support affected communities at the scene.

A local emergency network, which has been providing support to communities across Sudan during the war, said its teams recovered the bodies of at least nine people on Tuesday. Search teams were facing challenges to reach the area because of bad weather and a lack of resources, it added.

Mohamed Abdel-Rahman al-Nair, a SLM/A spokesman, told The Associated Press news agency that the village where the landslide took place is remote and accessible only by foot or donkeys.

Tarasin is located in the central Marrah Mountains, a volcanic area with a height of more than 3, 000 metres (9, 840 feet) at its summit. A World Heritage Site, the mountain chain is known for its lower temperatures and higher rainfall than surrounding areas, according to UNICEF. It is located more than 900 kilometres (560 miles) west of the capital, Khartoum.

Sunday’s landslide was one of the deadliest natural disasters in Sudan’s recent history. Hundreds of people die every year in seasonal rains that run from July to October. Last year’s heavy rainfall caused the collapse of a dam in the eastern Red Sea State, killing at least 30 people, according to the UN.

News of the disaster came as Sudan’s continuing war – now in its third year – plunges the country further into one of the world’s worst humanitarian crises, with famine already declared in parts of Darfur.

People fleeing clashes between the government-aligned Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) in North Darfur state had sought shelter in the Marra Mountains, and food and medication were in short supply, the Reuters news agency reported.

The UN and aid organizations have largely abandoned access to much of the area, with Doctors Without Borders (known by its French acronym MSF) branding it as a “black hole” in Sudan’s humanitarian response.

On Tuesday, the International Organization for Migration demanded that the area’s support be expanded and for safe access.

The SLM/A factions have pledged to fight the RSF in parallel.

Since the army seized Khartoum from the RSF in March, fighting has gotten worse, especially in El-Fasher.

The paramilitary force is attempting to occupy El-Fasher, the last significant population center held by the army in the Darfur region, for more than a year while the strategic city has been under RSF’s control for more than a year.

How much do India, Russia, China trade and what goods do they buy?

For the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) summit, which ended on Monday, more than 20 non-Western leaders from non-Western countries gathered in Tianjin, China, to discuss a global economic order with the Global South at its heart.

Xi told delegates: “We must continue to take a clear stand against hegemonism and power politics, and practice true multilateralism in the face of new global tariffs that have been imposed by US President Donald Trump.

India and Russia, two of the world’s top emerging economies, together account for more than one-fifth of the world’s gross domestic product (GDP), along with China.

According to the Observatory of Economic Complexity (OEC), trilateral trade between China, India, and Russia totaled $452 billion in 2023, up from $351 billion in 2022.

The 10-member SCO, which is seen as an alternative to the majority of US-led international institutions, covers much of Central Asia, Russia, China, India, Iran, Pakistan, and Belarus and accounts for about 43 percent of the world’s population and 23 percent of the global GDP.

Beijing’s push for multilateralism comes as Washington’s trade tariff policies have given SCO members a place to work together amid growing grievances.

(Al Jazeera)

Which nations buy from China the most?

China’s trading partners are varied.

The US, which imported $442 billion, or 12.9 percent of China’s total exports in 2023, mostly made up of electronics, machinery, consumer goods, and telecommunications equipment, is its main buyer.

Asia is the main hub for China’s exports, handling $1.6 trillion worth of goods, with India alone receiving $ 120 billion, or 3.1 percent of its total exports.

China exported $ 89.3 billion worth of goods to Europe, with Germany ($151 billion), Russia ($110 billion), and the UK ($95.33 billion).

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Which nations pay India the most money?

The US also purchases Indian goods in large numbers.

The US purchased items worth $ 81.4 billion in 2023, or 17.9 percent of India’s total exports, followed by precious stones, machinery, and textiles, before moving on to other products.

Asia is India’s primary export market, accounting for $ 178 billion in goods, with the UAE being its second-largest export market, with $ 31.4 billion, or 6.9% of total exports, mainly jewelry and refined petroleum, accounting for $ 69 billion.

With $ 22. 5 billion in exported oil, India’s third-largest export market is $ 15 billion, with refined petroleum being the largest exporter. India’s export market is second-largest in Asia and fourth-largest there.

US President Donald Trump formally imposed a 50% tariff on Indian imports on August 6, citing in part India’s continued purchase of discounted Russian crude oil.

India responded with a strong nod, calling the tariffs “unjustified, and unreasonable,” and reaffirming its independent authority to decide its energy policies. Despite the pressure from the US, India continued to import Russian oil, which was sparked by Moscow’s significant discounts.

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(Al Jazeera)

Which nations rely on Russia for the most money?

Russia’s trading partners were significantly more diverse before the conflict in Ukraine.

Russia had a wide range of European partners, including China, which accounted for 14.6 percent ($72. 1 billion) of its exports in 2021). Russia’s second-largest exporter was the Netherlands, accounting for 8% of its total exports, followed by the US, which accounts for 5.5% ($27.3%).

Heavy sanctions severely slowed trade with many Western nations after Russia invaded Ukraine in February 2022.

China accounted for about one-third of Russia’s exports by 2023, with India accounting for 16.8% ($66.1 billion) and Turkiye at 7.9% ($31 billion), making the Asia-Pacific region the main exporter of Russian goods, with more than three-quarters of that amount going there.

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(Al Jazeera)

What is the main topic of trade between China and Russia?

Machinery and transportation equipment were the main exports China made to Russia in 2023, totaling $110 billion in goods. Cars are the top exporters from China to Russia, according to the OEC.

Russia also sold $ 29 billion worth of goods to China that year, primarily mineral products, including oil and natural gas.

Russia has recently enjoyed a trade surplus with China, primarily as a result of its energy-related exports, which account for nearly three-quarters of the country’s exports.

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What is the most important trade partner between Russia and India?

Russia and India have a significant trade deficit, with much of it coming in from India.

About 88 percent of these imports, the majority of which India purchases at a discount, came from Russia, which sold $66.1 billion worth of goods to India in 2023. Energy products, primarily crude oil and natural gas, account for about 88 percent of these imports.

India’s exports to Russia are more diverse, reaching $4.1 billion in 2023, with significant contributions coming from metal, machinery, and chemical products.

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What is the main topic of trade between China and India?

India and China have a significant trade deficit, importing roughly seven times as many goods as it exports.

India exported $ 18.1 billion worth of goods to China in 2023, with oil and fuel-related products accounting for the majority of its exports, while China exported $ 125 billion worth of goods, primarily machinery and chemical products.

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(Al Jazeera)

UN watchdog finds uranium at alleged Syrian nuclear site from al-Assad era

The United Nations ‘ nuclear watchdog has said its inspectors discovered uranium particles at a site in Syria it suspects was once used as part of a clandestine nuclear programme run by the former government of Bashar al-Assad.

Last year, inspectors visited and took environmental samples at “three locations that were allegedly functionally related” to the remote desert site Deir el-Zour, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) spokesman Fredrik Dahl said in a statement on Tuesday.

“Analysis revealed a significant number of anthropogenic natural uranium particles in samples taken at one of the three locations. Some of these uranium particles are consistent with the conversion of uranium ore concentrate to uranium oxide”, said Dahl. This would be typical of a nuclear power reactor.

IAEA Director-General Rafael Grossi reported these findings to the agency’s board of directors on Monday in a report on developments in Syria.

The report also stated that “the current Syrian authorities indicated that they had no information that might explain the presence of such uranium particles”.

The IAEA urged Syria on Tuesday to cooperate fully over allegations that it had been building a covert nuclear reactor at Deir Az Zor.

Syria has repeatedly denied these allegations.

The Deir Az Zor site only became public knowledge after Israel – which is the Middle East’s only state with nuclear weapons, although it has not declared its own programme – launched air strikes in 2007, destroying the facility. Syria later levelled the site and never responded fully to the IAEA’s questions.

An IAEA team visited some sites of interest last year while al-Assad was still in power. After al-Assad’s fall last December in a rebel offensive on the capital Damascus, the new government led by interim President Ahmed al-Sharaa agreed to cooperate with the agency and again provided inspectors access to the site where the uranium particles had been found.

They took more samples there and “will evaluate the results of all of the environmental samples taken at this location and the information acquired from the planned visit to the site, and may conduct follow-up activities, as necessary”, Dahl said on Tuesday.

In an interview with The Associated Press news agency in June during a visit to Damascus, Grossi said al-Sharaa had expressed an interest in pursuing nuclear energy for Syria in the future. The IAEA said Syria granted its inspectors access to the location for a second time to gather more samples.

A number of other countries in the region are pursuing nuclear energy in some form. Grossi said Syria would most likely be looking into small modular reactors, which are cheaper and easier to deploy than traditional large ones.

Rescuers race to find Afghan quake survivors as death toll rises

The United Nations has warned of an exponential rise in casualties from a powerful earthquake in eastern Afghanistan, as the Taliban said the death toll had surpassed 1, 400 on Tuesday, with more than 3, 000 people injured.

The figures provided by Taliban government spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid were mainly for the province of Kunar.

Sunday night’s magnitude 6 earthquake affected several provinces, causing extensive damage. It flattened villages and trapped people under the rubble of homes constructed mainly of mud bricks and wood, which were unable to withstand the shock.

Rough terrain is hampering rescue and relief efforts, forcing Taliban authorities to airdrop dozens of commandos to evacuate the injured from places where helicopters cannot land.

A magnitude 5.2 aftershock, close to the epicentre of Sunday’s earthquake, rattled the area on Tuesday, according to the United States Geological Survey. There were no immediate reports of damage.

Indrika Ratwatte, the United Nations resident coordinator for Afghanistan, said rescuers are scrambling in a “race against time” to reach the mountainous and remote area. In a media briefing in Geneva on Tuesday, he warned of a surge in casualty numbers.

“We cannot afford to forget the people of Afghanistan who are facing multiple crises, multiple shocks, and the resilience of the communities has been saturated”, Ratwatte said, urging the international community to step forward.

“These are life-and-death decisions while we race against time to reach people”, he said.

It is the third strong earthquake since the Taliban seized power in 2021, and the latest crisis to beset Afghanistan, which is reeling from deep cuts to aid funding, a weak economy, and millions of Afghans forcibly returned from Iran and Pakistan.