The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) is reportedly failing to return the N1.4 trillion in operating surplus, as the Senate demanded a detailed explanation from the CBN today after the apex bank reported that the country’s economy was at its most stable level in more than ten years.
Senator Tokunbo Abiru, the chairman of the Senate Committee on Banking, Insurance, and Other Financial Institutions, made a strong request for transparency during its briefing.
Senator Abiru argued that the Auditor-General’s inquiry into the unremitted funds required a comprehensive, objective, and documented response, and that strict accountability was required for public trust in monetary governance.
Abiru praised the CBN’s efforts to stabilize the foreign exchange market and lower inflation while also recognizing that institutional responsibility must accompany these efforts.
He claimed that the CBN should provide details on the circumstances surrounding the query, provide recommendations for corrective actions, and provide details on safeguards against future errors.
Olayemi Cardoso, the CBN governor, addressed the senate committee, who outlined the extent of the country’s economic situation and claimed that there was renewed macroeconomic stability across all important indicators.
Since mid-2020, Cardoso attributed the progress to bold monetary reforms, liberalization of the world, and disciplined liquidity management, which have been implemented since mid-2020.
According to him, headline inflation has fallen for seven straight months, dropping from 34.6 percent in November 2024 to 16.05 percent in October 2025, the longest and steepest disinflation trend in over ten years.
He also saw a decline in his food inflation of 13.12%, thanks to better supply conditions and exchange-rate predictability.
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The foreign exchange market has undergone a fundamental transformation, according to the CBN governor, adding that speculative fraud and opportunities for arbitrage have largely vanished.
According to him, the premium between the official and parallel markets had dropped to less than 2% from the previous year’s high of over 60%. The Naira was trading at N1, 442.92 per dollar as of November 26th, higher than the N1, 551 average that the country experienced in the first half of 2025.
Additionally, he made a significant increase in imports, reaching $46.7 billion, which is the highest level in nearly seven years.
He noted that Diaspora remittances had increased by about $600 million per month while foreign capital inflows increased by more than $ ten times that amount in the first ten years of 2025, more than four times the figure from 2024.
Further, Cardoso further confirmed that the CBN had cleared the $7 billion verified FX backlog, restoring investor confidence, and strengthening Nigeria’s balance-of-payments position.
He claimed that recapitalization efforts were going smoothly in terms of banking-sector stability. Before the March 31, 2026 deadline, a total of 27 banks had already raised new capital, with sixteen of them meeting or exceeding the new regulatory thresholds, highlighting improvements in digital-payments oversight, cybersecurity compliance, and ATM cash availability.
Despite the encouraging signs, the Senate sought clarification in several policy choices.
Abiru pressed for clarifications regarding the sustained 45% Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR), the 75% CRR for public-sector deposits, FX forward settlements, damaged naira notes, excessive bank fees, failed electronic transactions, and CBN subsidiaries’ compliance with parliamentary oversight.
He argued that stronger inter-agency cooperation was required to maintain public confidence and that the Financial Services Regulatory Coordinating Committee’s activities should be updated.












