10 Key Moments In Israel-Hamas War

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Israel launched a devastating military campaign in the Gaza Strip after Hamas, the most recent terrorist attack in Israeli history, on October 7, 2023.

Before a ceasefire began on Sunday, only the second truce in 15 months of war, Israel’s air and ground campaign killed at least 46, 899 people, according to figures from the Hamas-run territory’s health ministry that the United Nations considers reliable.

Shortly after the ceasefire agreement between Israel and the Palestinian militant group Hamas was scheduled to be put into effect, scores of displaced Palestinians leave areas close to Gaza City where they had taken refuge and along a road in the Saftawi area of Jabalia. (Photo by Omar AL-QATTAA / AFP)

Following are key moments in the conflict:

– Hamas attacks –

At dawn on October 7, hundreds of Hamas fighters infiltrate Israel, killing civilians in the streets, in their homes and at a desert music festival, and attacking troops in bases.

251 hostages are then returned to Gaza after being taken. Currently 94 are still held there, with three women due for release Sunday. Israel’s military says 34 of the 94 hostages are dead.

The Hamas attacks result in the deaths of more than 1, 200 people.

The United States, the European Union, and Israel all owe it to Hamas, which is now considered a terrorist organization by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.

In the middle of the ongoing conflict between Israel and Hamas in the southern Gaza Strip, people in Khan Yunis watch televisions along the street on January 15, 2025. On January 15, thousands of Gaza residents rejoiced as information about a ceasefire and hostage release agreement between Israel and Hamas, which would put an end to more than 15 months of conflict in the Palestinian territory, was made public. (Photo by BASHAR TALEB / AFP)

– Ground offensive –

Israel begins its occupation of Gaza by bombing it. On October 13, it calls on civilians in the territory’s north to move south.

The UN reports that the majority of Gazans have been driven out of their homes as a result of the conflict.

On October 27, Israel begins a ground offensive.

As the conflict between Israel and the Hamas movement drags on, Palestinians watch the destruction that occurred on January 3, 2025 in the al-Maghazi refugee camp in the center of the Gaza Strip. (Photo by Eyad BABA / AFP)

– The hostage and the trite exchange

On November 24, a week-long truce between Israel and Hamas begins.

Hamas releases 105 hostages, mostly Israeli but also Thai workers, in return for 240 Palestinians held in Israeli prisons.

When the war resumes, Israel expands its actions into southern Gaza.

In a devastated neighbourhood on December 2, 2024, a photo shows clothes hanging dry on a line in Khan Yunis, a city in the southern Gaza Strip, as a result of Israeli airstrikes, which were carried out as part of Israel’s ongoing conflict with the Palestinian Hamas movement. (Photo by Bashar TALEB / AFP)

– Deadly food stampede

On February 29, 2024 Israeli forces fire on northern Gaza residents who rush a convoy of food aid trucks, killing 120 and wounding hundreds.

Assistance is dropped over Gaza, which the UN claims is in danger of famine, starting in March by military aircraft from several nations, including the United States.

In a strike that Israel’s military describes as a “tragic mistake,” seven aid workers from the US charity World Central Kitchen were killed on April 1.

– Israel is attacked by Iran –

On April 13, Iran pounds Israel with drones and missiles — its first-ever direct assault on Israel’s soil. The attacks are in response to Israel’s deadly April 1 attack on its Damascus consulate.

After a drone attack on Tel Aviv by Iran-backed Huthi rebels who have been threatening shipping since November 2023 in solidarity with Gaza, Israel bombards Yemen’s port of Hodeida on July 20.

– The political leader of Hamas was killed

Since October 2023, almost daily exchanges between Israel and the Lebanese militant group Hezbollah have increased to the border of Israel and Lebanon.

Israel retaliates with several strikes, including one that kills a top Hezbollah commander, Fuad Shukr.

Ismail Haniyeh, the political leader of Hamas, was killed while in Iran on July 31. Months later, Israel accepts responsibility.

– spillover from Lebanon

In an Israeli operation, which Lebanon’s authorities claim wounds and kills 39 people, and injure thousands, on September 17 and 18, hundreds of pagers and walkie-talkies are detonated.

Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah was killed on September 27 in southern Beirut as a result of Israel’s expansion of its airstrikes in Lebanon.

Days later, Israel launches a ground offensive in southern Lebanon against Hezbollah strongholds.

In response to Nasrallah and Haniyeh’s murder, Iran launches a barrage of 200 missiles at Israel on October 1.

– The new Hamas leader is dead

On October 16, new Hamas leader Yahya Sinwar, accused by Israel of masterminding the October 7, 2023 attack, is killed in southern Gaza.

In response to the missile attack from October 1st, Israeli air strikes hit Iranian military targets.

A UN Special Committee on Human Rights reported on November 14 that Israel’s occupation of Gaza was in line with its alleged “genocide.” Israel denies bias against the UN.

Netanyahu, Yoav Gallant, an ex-defense minister, and Mohammed Deif, a member of the Hamas military, are all on arrest until November 21 according to the International Criminal Court. Israel’s military claims that they killed them in Gaza.

– Lebanon truce –

After two months of open hostility between Israel and Hezbollah, which has resulted in more than 4, 000 deaths on the Lebanese side since October 2023, a truce will be signed on November 27.

Both parties exchange blame for breaking the fragile ceasefire several times.

After the ousting of Syrian president Bashar al-Assad by Islamist-led rebels in December, Israel also conducts hundreds of strikes on Syria’s military sites, saying it aims to prevent weapons from falling into the hands of “extremists”.

Israel also sends troops into the Golan Heights buffer zone that has been granted by the UN.

Israel is attacked by Yemen’s Huthi rebels, who increase their missile and drone attacks.

– A new ceasefire is established –

33 hostages are set free in the first phase of the long-awaited truce in exchange for the release of roughly 1,900 Palestinians held by Israel and Hamas on January 19.

Taus of displaced Palestinians who are battling the war are beginning to return to their homes through the rubble of the devasted Gaza Strip under the truce that Qatar, the United States, and Egypt have negotiated.